A hardy biennial herb with finely divided, feathery foliage and delicate white flowers borne in flat-topped umbels. It is valued for its aromatic seeds and is well suited to herb gardens, cottage gardens, meadows and naturalistic planting.
-
Exposure: Good tolerance of wind once established, although very exposed sites may cause the flowering stems to lean. Moderately coastal tolerant, but protection from strong salt-laden winds is preferable.
-
Size: Approximately 30–60 cm high and 20–30 cm wide.
-
Soil: Moist but well-drained, moderately fertile soil. Prefers soils that retain some moisture during the growing season but dislikes prolonged waterlogging.
-
Sun: Full sun to partial shade, with best flowering and seed production in full sun.
-
Flowering time: May–July, with white flowers followed by aromatic seeds that ripen in summer.
-
Uses: Culinary herb and spice; the seeds are widely used for flavouring breads, cheeses, vegetables and other foods. Traditionally also used medicinally.
-
Wildlife benefits: The open flowers provide nectar and pollen for bees, hoverflies and other beneficial insects. The seeds can also provide food for seed-eating birds.
