Centaurea scabiousa - Greater knapweed

Greater knapweed is a tall, long-lived native perennial wildflower producing large, rich purple pincushion-like flowers above deeply divided foliage. A characteristic species of traditional meadows, grasslands, and roadside verges, it is one of the most valuable wildflowers for pollinating insects.

• Exposure: Thrives in open, sunny positions and has good wind tolerance. Suitable for exposed sites and generally tolerant of coastal conditions where drainage is good and salt exposure is not extreme.
• Size: Approximately 60–120 cm high × 45–60 cm spread.
• Soil: Well-drained soils, particularly chalky, calcareous, sandy, or loamy soils. Tolerates poor fertility and drought once established.
• Sun: Full sun.
• Flowering Time: July to September.
• Uses: Traditionally used as a dye plant, producing yellow-green shades from its foliage and flowers.
• Wildlife Benefits: An exceptional wildlife plant, attracting a wide range of bees, bumblebees, butterflies, moths, hoverflies, and other pollinating insects. The seed heads are also visited by finches and other seed-eating birds later in the season.