A fast-growing, tender, aromatic perennial herb with lance-shaped green leaves and a spicy, peppery fragrance. Commonly grown in herb gardens and containers, it is valued for its culinary use in Southeast Asian cuisine.
• Exposure: Moderately wind-tolerant; not strongly coastal-tolerant, prefers sheltered, inland sites.
• Size: 30–60 cm tall; spreads up to 60 cm.
• Soil: Moist, well-drained, fertile soils; tolerates loamy or sandy ground.
• Sun: Full sun to partial shade.
• Flowering Time: Summer (typically June–August); flowers are small and unobtrusive.
• Uses: Culinary; leaves used fresh in salads, soups, and traditional dishes.
• Wildlife Benefits: Flowers attract bees and small pollinators; dense foliage provides shelter for beneficial insects.
